sg(1) — Linux manual page

NAME | SYNOPSIS | DESCRIPTION | OPTIONS | CONFIGURATION | FILES | SEE ALSO | COLOPHON

SG(1)                         User Commands                         SG(1)

NAME         top

       sg - execute command as different group ID

SYNOPSIS         top


       sg [-] group [[-c] command]

DESCRIPTION         top

       The sg command works similar to newgrp but accepts a command. The
       command will be executed with the /bin/sh shell. With most shells
       you may run sg from, you need to enclose multi-word commands in
       quotes. Another difference between newgrp and sg is that some
       shells treat newgrp specially, replacing themselves with a new
       instance of a shell that newgrp creates. This doesn't happen with
       sg, so upon exit from an sg command you are returned to your
       previous group ID.

OPTIONS         top

       The options which apply to the sg command are:

       -, -l
           Start the shell as a login shell.

       -c
           Specify a command that will be invoked by the shell using its
           -c.

           This is the default; for backward compatibility.

CONFIGURATION         top

       The following configuration variables in /etc/login.defs change
       the behavior of this tool:

       SYSLOG_SG_ENAB (boolean)
           Enable "syslog" logging of sg activity.

FILES         top

       /etc/passwd
           User account information.

       /etc/shadow
           Secure user account information.

       /etc/group
           Group account information.

       /etc/gshadow
           Secure group account information.

SEE ALSO         top

       id(1), login(1), newgrp(1), su(1), gpasswd(1), group(5),
       gshadow(5).

COLOPHON         top

       This page is part of the shadow-utils (utilities for managing
       accounts and shadow password files) project.  Information about
       the project can be found at 
       ⟨https://github.com/shadow-maint/shadow⟩.  If you have a bug report
       for this manual page, send it to
       pkg-shadow-devel@alioth-lists.debian.net.  This page was obtained
       from the tarball shadow-4.19.0.tar fetched from
       ⟨https://github.com/shadow-maint/shadow/releases⟩ on 2026-01-16.
       If you discover any rendering problems in this HTML version of the
       page, or you believe there is a better or more up-to-date source
       for the page, or you have corrections or improvements to the
       information in this COLOPHON (which is not part of the original
       manual page), send a mail to man-pages@man7.org

shadow-utils 4.19.0             01/16/2026                          SG(1)

Pages that refer to this page: newgrp(1)su(1@@shadow-utils)group(5)credentials(7)