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PROLOG | NAME | SYNOPSIS | DESCRIPTION | RETURN VALUE | ERRORS | EXAMPLES | APPLICATION USAGE | RATIONALE | FUTURE DIRECTIONS | SEE ALSO | COPYRIGHT |
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ISLOWER(3P) POSIX Programmer's Manual ISLOWER(3P)
This manual page is part of the POSIX Programmer's Manual. The
Linux implementation of this interface may differ (consult the
corresponding Linux manual page for details of Linux behavior),
or the interface may not be implemented on Linux.
islower, islower_l — test for a lowercase letter
#include <ctype.h>
int islower(int c);
int islower_l(int c, locale_t locale);
For islower(): The functionality described on this reference page
is aligned with the ISO C standard. Any conflict between the
requirements described here and the ISO C standard is
unintentional. This volume of POSIX.1‐2017 defers to the ISO C
standard.
The islower() and islower_l() functions shall test whether c is a
character of class lower in the current locale, or in the locale
represented by locale, respectively; see the Base Definitions
volume of POSIX.1‐2017, Chapter 7, Locale.
The c argument is an int, the value of which the application
shall ensure is a character representable as an unsigned char or
equal to the value of the macro EOF. If the argument has any
other value, the behavior is undefined.
The behavior is undefined if the locale argument to islower_l()
is the special locale object LC_GLOBAL_LOCALE or is not a valid
locale object handle.
The islower() and islower_l() functions shall return non-zero if
c is a lowercase letter; otherwise, they shall return 0.
No errors are defined.
The following sections are informative.
Testing for a Lowercase Letter
Two examples follow, the first using islower(), the second using
multiple concurrent locales and islower_l().
The examples test whether the value is a lowercase letter, based
on the current locale, then use it as part of a key value.
/* Example 1 -- using islower() */
#include <ctype.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <locale.h>
...
char *keystr;
int elementlen, len;
unsigned char c;
...
setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
...
len = 0;
while (len < elementlen) {
c = (unsigned char) (rand() % 256);
...
if (islower(c))
keystr[len++] = c;
}
...
/* Example 2 -- using islower_l() */
#include <ctype.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <locale.h>
...
char *keystr;
int elementlen, len;
unsigned char c;
...
locale_t loc = newlocale (LC_ALL_MASK, "", (locale_t) 0);
...
len = 0;
while (len < elementlen) {
c = (unsigned char) (rand() % 256);
...
if (islower_l(c, loc))
keystr[len++] = c;
}
...
To ensure applications portability, especially across natural
languages, only these functions and the functions in the
reference pages listed in the SEE ALSO section should be used for
character classification.
None.
None.
isalnum(3p), isalpha(3p), isblank(3p), iscntrl(3p), isdigit(3p),
isgraph(3p), isprint(3p), ispunct(3p), isspace(3p), isupper(3p),
isxdigit(3p), setlocale(3p), uselocale(3p)
The Base Definitions volume of POSIX.1‐2017, Chapter 7, Locale,
ctype.h(0p), locale.h(0p)
Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic
form from IEEE Std 1003.1-2017, Standard for Information
Technology -- Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX), The
Open Group Base Specifications Issue 7, 2018 Edition, Copyright
(C) 2018 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics
Engineers, Inc and The Open Group. In the event of any
discrepancy between this version and the original IEEE and The
Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The Open Group
Standard is the referee document. The original Standard can be
obtained online at http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html .
Any typographical or formatting errors that appear in this page
are most likely to have been introduced during the conversion of
the source files to man page format. To report such errors, see
https://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/reporting_bugs.html .
IEEE/The Open Group 2017 ISLOWER(3P)
Pages that refer to this page: ctype.h(0p), isalnum(3p), isalpha(3p), isblank(3p), iscntrl(3p), isdigit(3p), isgraph(3p), isprint(3p), ispunct(3p), isspace(3p), isupper(3p), isxdigit(3p), setlocale(3p), _toupper(3p)
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HTML rendering created 2024-06-26 by Michael Kerrisk, author of The Linux Programming Interface. For details of in-depth Linux/UNIX system programming training courses that I teach, look here. Hosting by jambit GmbH. |
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